![]() To remedy the effect of detected errors, one can then either apply suitable corrections on the qubits, or for most applications – as also in the present experiment – it is sufficient to keep track of the detected errors and correct them only after the end of the quantum computation. ![]() This information can then be used to deduce which type of error most likely happened and where on the chip this occurred, without disturbing the quantum information stored in the logical qubit. This information is obtained by repeatedly and quickly measuring the eight additional qubits. If a disturbance occurring in the logical qubit distorts the information, the system recognises this disturbance as an error. The remaining eight qubits on the chip are offset from them their task is to detect errors in the system. Nine of the chip’s 17 qubits are arranged in a square three-by-three lattice and together form what is known as a logical qubit: the computational unit of a quantum computer. The research team performed the error correction with what is known as the surface code – a method in which the quantum information of a qubit is distributed over several physical qubits. Structure of the quantum computer chip with 17 qubits (yellow) Copyright: ETH Zürich/Quantum Device Lab The researchers achieved this important success using a chip, which features a total of 17 superconducting qubits and is operated at a temperature of just 0.01 Kelvin, barely above absolute zero. Wallraff’s team has now presented the first system that can repeatedly detect as well as correct both types of errors. Previous error correction methods have been unable to simultaneously detect and correct both of the fundamental types of error that occur in quantum systems. Markus Müller, whose theory research group at the Institute for Quantum Information at RWTH Aachen and the Peter-Grünberg Institute at Forschungszentrum Jülich investigates protocols for quantum computing and error correction. “Building practical quantum computers relies critically on the ability to detect and correct errors on quantum bits (qubits) fast enough and repeatedly, before they pile up and lead to failures of the quantum computations” explains Prof. Andreas Wallraff at ETH Zurich, has now succeeded in overcoming an important hurdle: for the first time, the research team has been able to automatically correct errors in quantum systems to such an extent that the results of quantum operations can be used in practice. However, uncertainty exists as to whether, or not, they will ever be able to replace conventional computers because quantum computers have a problem: they are extremely error-prone, and error correction is very demanding.Ī research collaboration led by Prof. Quantum computers are seen as highly promising for future information processing. With this work, published in Nature, the researchers have overcome an important hurdle on the road to practical quantum computing. Researchers at ETH Zurich, supported by the Theoretical Quantum Technology Group at RWTH Aachen and Forschungszentrum Jülich as well as by colleagues in Canada, have succeeded, for the first time, in quickly and continuously correcting errors in digital quantum systems. Quantum computing breakthrough in error correction
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